The use of potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser for laparoscopic removal of ovarian endometrioma

Article Abstract:

The endometrium is the tissue that forms the inner lining of the uterus. When endometrial tissue grows in the pelvic region outside of the uterus it is called endometriosis. Endometriosis is associated with abnormal bleeding, abdominal pain, and infertility. When a cyst forms in the endometrial tissue it is called an endometrioma; when it occurs on the ovaries it is called an ovarian endometrioma. Endometriosis can be diagnosed during a pelvic exam using a device called a laparoscope, which allows the inside of the pelvic region to be visualized. In the past, the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian endometrioma involved exploratory surgery, removal of the cyst, and sometimes required removal of the affected ovary as well. With the development of new laser surgery techniques it has become possible to remove the cyst without damaging the ovary. This article describes the results of laser surgery performed on 31 women with ovarian endometriomas. All cases of ovarian endometriomas were first diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasonography (ultrasound performed through the vagina). In 30 of the cases the cysts were successfully removed and had not recurred six months following laser surgery. In one case the cyst reappeared four months after laser surgery and exploratory abdominal surgery was performed. It is concluded that laser surgery, which is less invasive than exploratory abdominal surgery, is an effective procedure for treating patients with ovarian endometriomas. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Health aspects, Surgery, Ovaries, Endometriosis, Endometrium, Ovarian cysts, Cysts, Laser endoscopy

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Heterotopic pregnancy associated with assisted reproductive technology

Article Abstract:

Heterotopic pregnancies are those where the fertilized egg is located somewhere other than in the uterus. These pregnancies are potentially dangerous to the mother and the fetus. The reported incidence of the condition is 1 in every 30,000 pregnancies, but modern assisted reproductive technology may be responsible for an increase in that ratio. The relationship between recent advances in reproductive technology and the incidence of heterotopic pregnancies was studied. A case study was done on a patient using the GIFT (gamete intrafallopian tube transfer) method of transferring multiple fertilized eggs into the fallopian tube. The danger here is that more than one pregnancy could implant in more than one site. Careful examination, including use of ultrasonography (the use of high frequency sound to visualize internal structures) and serial blood testing, should be done to rule out concomitant pregnancies. This early diagnosis and management will aid in selective termination of dangerous pregnancies.

Causes of, Pregnancy, Complications of, Pregnancy complications, Fertilization in vitro, Human, Human fertilization in vitro, Ovum implantation, Gamete intrafallopian transfer

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Potential factors affecting embryo survival and clinical outcome with cryopreserved pronuclear human embryos

Article Abstract:

A study is conducted to determine whether the method of fertilization (intracytoplasmic sperm injection, ICSI or conventional in vitro fertilization, IFV) has an impact on embryo survival and live birth rates after cryopreservation human pronuclear (2PN), thawing, and transfer of human embryos. The results reveal that 2PN stage embryo cryosurvival may be negatively affected by ICSI, thus impacting pregnancy outcomes.

Science & research, Research, Pregnancy, Human embryo

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