Trends of HIV seroconversion among young adults in the US army, 1985 to 1989

Article Abstract:

The prevalence of AIDS has been monitored since 1981, and the resulting information should help to predict the future course of this disease. However, the factors that determine infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes AIDS, have changed within the past 10 years. The condition of AIDS is the clinical end stage of HIV infection and serves as an endpoint in surveillance studies, or studies that monitor AIDS epidemiology. The temporal, or time-related, trend in the incidence of AIDS reflects the history of HIV infection. This approach does not provide sufficient information about new cases of HIV infection over the past two to three years, a period of changes in the HIV epidemic. Direct measurement of the incidence of HIV infection would provide more accurate information about the HIV epidemic. However, the incidence of HIV infection can only be indicated by repeated testing for HIV antibodies, or the presence in the blood of immune proteins specifically directed against HIV. The groups that undergo routine testing for HIV antibodies include blood donors and United States military personnel. The temporal trend and demographic features of HIV seroconversion, or appearance of HIV antibodies, were assessed in United States Army personnel between November 1985 and October 1989. The results showed that 429 of 718,780 soldiers showed evidence of HIV seroconversion. The rates of seroconversion decreased between November 1985 and October 1989. The risk of HIV seroconversion was associated with race or ethnicity, age, sex, and marital status. It is estimated that about 220 soldiers were infected with HIV during 1989 and 1990, and the rate of HIV infection will probably decrease in the future. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Evaluation, HIV seroprevalence

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Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 seroconversion trends among young adults serving in the United States Army, 1985-1993

Article Abstract:

The rate of new HIV infections may have decreased and now be relatively stable among U.S. Army soldiers. Researchers found that the highest rate of HIV infection was from 1985-1987, and dropped significantly by 1987-1988. After 1988, the rate of HIV infection remained about the same, with 100-150 soldiers becoming infected each year. Risk factors among active duty soldiers in the U.S. Army for acquiring HIV included being 20-24 years old, male, Black or Hispanic, and unmarried. The Army's efforts to educate soldiers about HIV infection and its prevention may have contributed to the decrease in the infection rate. Continuing to monitor people most at risk of acquiring HIV may inform future educational strategies.

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Direct measurement of human immunodeficiency virus seroconversions in a serially tested population of young adults in the United States Army, October 1985 to October 1987

Article Abstract:

Approximately 600 U.S. Army soldiers are likely to become infected with the AIDS virus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) each year. This rate is higher than expected on the basis of old estimates. The infection rate in the army is lower than the rate among a population of civilians of similar size and type.

Medical examination, Soldiers, HIV (Viruses), HIV

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