Vibrio carchariae infection after a shark bite

Article Abstract:

The organisms of the genus Vibrio can cause disease in humans, with the most widely infective organism being Vibrio cholerae, which causes cholera. Eleven species of Vibrio have been isolated from clinical specimens. Some of these isolates have been shown to cause disease, while the pathogenicity of others have not yet been determined. The bacteria of the Vibrio species are found primarily in salty and brackish water, mostly in the summer and fall seasons. They are present in shellfish and various fish. Clinical symptoms of infection with Vibrio include gastroenteritis, wound infection, ear infection, and infection in the blood. A case study is presented of a new strain, Vibrio carchariae, which was transmitted to an individual by a shark and caused serious infection of the wounds caused by the shark. Damaged tissue and cellular debris had to be removed from the wound by surgery. The bacteria did not extensively invade other tissues, nor was this strain toxic to the whole body. There are only a few reports of the infection of human wounds from shark bites. However, research has shown that various bacteria, including various species of Vibrio, are present on the teeth of sharks. Therefore, treatment of infected wounds that have occurred by marine animals, including sharks, should include antibiotics such as tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, and cephalosporins, which are effective against various species of Vibrio. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Health aspects, Care and treatment, Case studies, Bites and stings, Bites (Injuries), Stings (Injuries), Shark attacks, Vibrio infections

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Hemolytic-uremic syndrome in adolescents

Article Abstract:

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) in adolescents appears to have a similar course and prognosis to HUS in children. Researchers analyzed data from 17 adolescents and 276 children who developed HUS. About 90% of both groups experienced diarrhea before HUS. Seizures, hypertension, and renal failure occurred at similar rates. Twelve percent of the adolescents and 2.4% of the children died. Nearly half of both groups developed chronic kidney problems, and one teenager and six children developed end-stage kidney disease. Diarrhea rarely precedes HUS in adults, death rates are high, and many survivors have permanent kidney failure.

Prognosis, Diseases, Teenagers, Youth, Hemolytic-uremic syndrome

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Nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii infections: microbiological and clinical epidemiology

Article Abstract:

The use of intravenous fluoroquinolones was linked to an outbreak of Acinetobacter baumannii infections at a French hospital in 1988-89. This bacterium is common but does not usually cause infection. The first outbreak occurred in 1988 and was traced to a contaminated X-ray machine. The machine was cleaned but a second outbreak occurred in 1989. Twenty-eight patients became infected and in 11, the bacterium was found to be identical. Of these 11 cases, 7 had had surgery in an operating room in the emergency department. Of the remaining 17 patients, over half had received intravenous fluoroquinolones.

France, Drug resistance in microorganisms, Microbial drug resistance, Nosocomial infections, Cross infection

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