Linguistic order and spaces of communication in post-Maastricht Europe

Article Abstract:

The Maastricht Treaty of 1992 fails to address the problems facing the European Community regarding the interaction of languages among unequal economic states and the role of the media in shaping public language. The economic strengths of community will undoubtedly break down the barriers that language has presented in the past, but there is a chance that languages of nations with lesser economic clout will be lost in the community process. The creation of public communication space by the mass media will have to be monitored to determine how a "universal" language such as English will be used in communicating.

Social policy, European Union, Language policy

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Communication campaigns and the neo-liberal policy agenda

Article Abstract:

New Zealand's economic and political restructuring as well as increased commercialism in broadcasting has led to a weakening in public information services and unbiased political discourse. The passage of the Employment Contracts Act (ECA) represented a major change in labour relations but the government's role in broadcasting communication and policy decisions prevented the media from openly debating the issue and possibly initiating the ECA's failure. The media's increased commercialization, government policy, and private ownership will increase its vulnerability to political censorship.

Political aspects, Broadcasting industry, Labor law, New Zealand, Media coverage

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Printing, cartography and conceptions of place in renaissance Europe

Article Abstract:

Elizabeth Eisenstein's view on the connection between scientific progress and printing in relation to map publication and knowledge of geography is investigated. It is learnt that In Renaissance Europe, geographers did not strive to be original, but relied on others' measures, adding their own information to extant maps whenever possible and geographical works were used not simply as practical tools for trade and politics, but as evidence for creation and demonstration of human dominion.

Europe, History, Maps, Cartography, Map collections, Map printing

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