Submarine modernization

Article Abstract:

Many of the submarine fleets in the world were built in the late 1960s and 1970s and therefore require major reconstruction or replacement. A study conducted on construction costs revealed that upgrading submarines may be more costly than buying a completely new boat since most candidate submarines for reconstruction will degrade the performance of their new sensors without a complete machinery rebuild. A proposed modernication of a submarine can only be justified by instances when no new submarine can be procured and when a submarine is already at a high level of efficiency but has some defects that can be remedied in a relatively simple way.

Ship Building and Repairing, Fleet Submarines, Submarines

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Counter-measures and munitions: defenders of the fleet

Article Abstract:

Countermeasure munitions are passive defense systems which provide protection to naval ships from incoming anti-ship missiles and also offer defensive electronic warfare countermeasures against enemy aircraft or warships. The principle behind soft kill decoys is that can confuse hostile radar or present an alternative decoy to missiles. Some decoys are short-burn rockets that can confuse or distract an incoming anti-ship missile. The biggest advantage of soft kill decoy systems is their low cost.

Ordnance & Accessories, All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing

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Maritime simulation - there's more than meets the eye!

Article Abstract:

A guide to the marketplace for naval training and simulation programs, hardware, and pedagogical standards, is provided.

Product standards, safety, & recalls, Other Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing, Naval Trainers & Simulators, Industry Overview, Marketing, Study and teaching, Defense industry, Ship simulators, Virtual computer systems, Virtual machines, Synthetic training device industry, Naval education, Simulator industry

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