Neurobiology of alcohol abuse
Article Abstract:
Ethanol, a classic example of alcohols, is an intoxicant anesthetic whose affinity for excitatory receptors enhances neurotransmission. It also exerts a reinforcing effect on the mesolimbic dopamine system causing activation of neurons in the ventral tegmental area. Its behavioral effects are dose- and route- dependent with predisposition to tolerance. Physical dependence may develop but the feeling of need during its absence does not promote further intake of alcohol as shown in rat studies.
Publication Name: Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
Subject: Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics industries
ISSN: 0165-6147
Year: 1992
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Neurobiology of marijuana abuse
Article Abstract:
The effects of marijuana on behavior is variable depending on the dose, route and well-being of the user. However, its most common manifestation is euphoria which can lead to acute panic reactions or severe psychotic states. Studies conducted on animals cannot firmly establish dependence or withdrawal symptoms. Marijuana was found to have therapeutic value in pain, convulsions, glaucoma and other ailments but the high incidence of abuse limits its use.
Publication Name: Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
Subject: Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics industries
ISSN: 0165-6147
Year: 1992
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Neurobiology of cocaine abuse
Article Abstract:
Cocaine affects conditioned and unconditioned behavior in a dose related manner ranging from increased locomotor activity to death with very high doses. Sensitization and tolerance can develop with repeated use. Its neuropharmacologic effects on behavior is explained by indirect dopamine agonist effects. This is manifested by reinforcing and discriminative stimulus effects which are rewarding to the user and encourages dependence to cocaine.
Publication Name: Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
Subject: Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics industries
ISSN: 0165-6147
Year: 1992
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