The multiple applications of isotopic ratios

Article Abstract:

Isotopic ratio application is useful as a measuring procedure for determining the age of different materials in various fields. Since the discovery of the carbon (sub 3) pathway, carbon isotopes have been developed as gauge to indicate age of carbon-containing compounds. Carbon dating has found usage in analyzing bioorganic materials such as collagen to determine the dietary patterns and food sources of our ancestors. Carbon-13 and oxygen-18 isotopes are being used to authenticate marble sculptures from the Greek and Roman periods.

Usage, Carbon, Isotopes, Radiocarbon dating, Carbon isotopes

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This and that: hair pigments, the hypoxic basis of life and the Virgilian journey of the spermatozoon

Article Abstract:

Biologic mechanisms mediate protection against metabolic insults. Oxygen free radicals such as peroxides are neutralized by biological enzyme traps to prevent oxidation of the cellular milieu. Despite all these compensatory systems, the continuous exposure to oxygen radicals may have long-term effects. The vulnerability of such biologic systems is typified by the influence of hyperoxic environment on sperm cell survival and the intricate biochemical process in the synthesis of the integumentary pigment, melanin.

Research, Cellular control mechanisms, Cell regulation, Spermatozoa, Sperm, Melanin, Active oxygen, Active oxygen in the body

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This and that: an artefactual alkaloid and its peptide analogs

Article Abstract:

The discovery of opioid substances in new sources including foods, has added to the expanding complexity of opiates and opioids derived from plant alkaloids and synthesized opiates. Socially acceptable opiates have been found in exorphin-containing foods such as milk, chocolates, coffee, wheat products, meat and cheese. The process whereby dietary opioids are synthesized and absorbed by the human body is still unclear and under research.

Opioids, Discovery and exploration, Narcotics, Endorphins

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