Nuclear exports from the former Soviet Union: what's new, what's true

Article Abstract:

Reports of large-scale exportation of nuclear-grade elements from former Soviet territories have been largely unfounded. However, exports of dual-use nuclear materials have been on the rise, largely because of inadequate export regulations, decentralized authority and fluid borders. Hafnium and zirconium shipments to the Benelux countries have been traced to a Ukraine military complex. Exports of rare metals have also been reportedly traced to Estonia. Russia should be pressured to impose export controls since it inherited the bulk of the former Soviet Union's nuclear capability.

International trade, Military aspects, Nuclear weapons

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Exports and experts: proliferation risks from the new Commonwealth

Article Abstract:

The dissolution of the former USSR's highly-centralized nuclear weapons complex has exacerbated the risks of proliferation. Unauthorized exports of fissionable materials and nuclear technology have already been reported. To prevent future proliferation, nuclear technology-exporting members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) should be made signatories of the nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty. These states should also establish nuclear export controls and required safeguards.

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Before the deluge? Assessing the threat of nuclear leakage from the post-soviet states

Article Abstract:

The smuggling of highly-enriched uranium and plutonium from the states of the former Soviet Union (FSU) has increased since the breakup of the Soviet Union and presents a threat to international security. The US and Russia must cooperate to ensure adequate physical security of the nuclear material. An analysis of the detected smuggling since 1992 and the steps that should be taken to prevent smuggling are discussed.

Safety and security measures, Nuclear fuels, Smuggling, Former Soviet Union

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