Influence of irrelevant information on human performance: effects of S-R association strength and relative timing

Article Abstract:

Studies show that the symmetry of consistency effect patterns is influenced by the comparative strengths of relevant and irrelevant stimulus-response (S-R) associations, and the magnitude of consistency effects results from response activation temporal overlap. Data were obtained from Stroop-like tasks involving keypress subject response for two-dimensional stimuli with irrelevant information presented prior to or simultaneously with relevant information.

China, Response consistency, Human information processing, Conditioned response, Conditioned responses, Stimulus generalization, Relevance

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Manipulations of irrelevant information: suffix effects with articulatory suppression and irrelevant speech

Article Abstract:

A suffix effect is demonstrated when the recall of the last item in an auditory list is impaired by the immediate presentation of a distracting stimulus. In this study, the addition of irrelevant background noise and speech suppression techniques reduced immediate memory recall, but similar suffix effects were observed in both conditions.

Measurement, Short-term memory, Recollection (Psychology), Recall (Psychology), Interference (Linguistics)

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Modeling age-related differences in immediate memory using SIMPLE

Article Abstract:

A multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) procedure that was used to determine the underlying dimensions used when one recalls lists of acoustically confusable and nonconfusable stimuli is discussed. It was seen that older adults' memory can be worse, may be due to altered representations because of age-related auditory perceptual deficits.

Models, Analysis, Memory, Self-perception, Self perception, Multidimensional scaling

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