Dehydration of flocs by freezing
Article Abstract:
Researchers studied water treated sludge from four U.S. locations to determine efficient means of dewatering the substance. Due to van der Walls forces, dewatering is not easily achieved. Heating is one method. However, freezing is shown in this study to be an efficient means. A conceptual model to examine the mechanisms responsible for the success of freeze/thaw conditions was developed and tested. The researchers froze the sludge with four methods, including liquid nitrogen, and then analyzed the particulate sizes of the sludge. The freezing method produced zots (granular particles) of varying sizes. Once frozen and thawed, the material was not easily rehydrated.
Publication Name: Environmental Science & Technology
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
Year: 1999
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Measurement of alkyl ethoxylate surfactants in natural waters
Article Abstract:
A new method for measuring alkyl ethoxylate alcohols (AEs) concentrations in influent, effluent and river water has been developed. The method uses hydrogen bromide derivatization combined with GC mass selective detection. Under this approach, AEs are reacted with hydrogen bromide to form corresponding alkyl bromide derivatives which are subsequently analyzed by means of capillary gas chromatography. The has already been used to remove AE surfactants during both trickling filter and activated sludge treatment with satisfactory results.
Publication Name: Environmental Science & Technology
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
Year: 1995
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Photocatalytic degradation of secondary alcohol ethoxylate: spectroscopic, chromatographic, and mass spectometric studies
Article Abstract:
A titanium dioxide (TiO2) particle suspension was applied in the photocatalytic degradation of secondary alcohol ethoxylate (SAE). The particles were irradiated with ultraviolet light and combined with high starting concentrations of SAE at 2000 mg/L. The concentration levels were set to match that of industrial effluents. Particle agglomeration was generated by hydrophobic product adherence to TiO2.
Publication Name: Environmental Science & Technology
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
Year: 1995
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