Which route to take?

Article Abstract:

Three routes from Earth to Mars, and back, are conjunction (2.5 year round trip); opposition (1.5 years); and low thrust - which varies because it gradually spirals in and out of Earth and Mars orbits instead of rapid acceleration and escape.

Cover Story, Manned space flight, Planets, Mars probes

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Gully gee whiz: even as you read this, water might be flowing on Mars

Article Abstract:

Scientists believe water is present on Mars because of pictures returned by the Global Surveyor probe. The gullies that are pictured are narrow and have three parts and appear to be new geological formations in unusual formations.

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Feeling the pinch: Flying the shuttle means cutting some science

Article Abstract:

NASA's focus on human exploration, including the resumption of space shuttle flights is drawing funds from the unmanned spacecraft that study Earth, the sun, and the other reaches of the solar system. NASA has reserved $753 million for the design of the Crew Exploration Vehicle that would carry astronauts into orbit after the shuttle is retired in 2010 in addition to devoting 40% of its $16.5-billion budget to the shuttle and the International Space Station.

United States, Product development, Strategy & planning, Financial management, Science & research, Guided missiles and space vehicles, Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing, Space Research and Technology, Natl Aeronautics & Space Admin, Space Shuttle System, Space Shuttle Vehicle, Research, Finance, Space shuttles, Company business planning, Company financing

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• Abstracts: A probing prelude: Global Surveyor bolsters the theory that water persisted on Mars. Why go to Mars?
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