A motivational investigation of group effectiveness using social-cognitive theory
Article Abstract:
The authors developed a model of group effectiveness that emphasizes 3 group-level representatives of the mediators hypothesized in social-cognitive theory. Group affective evaluations, group goals, and collective efficacy were predicted to mediate the influences of performance feedback and vicarious experience on group effectiveness. Covariance structure analysis of data from 81 groups indicated that performance feedback affected both group affective evaluations and collective efficacy, which in turn related to group effectiveness. Furthermore, group affective evaluations and collective efficacy completely mediated the relationship between performance feedback and group effectiveness, and collective efficacy partially mediated the linkage between vicarious experience and group effectiveness. No support was found for the mediating role of group goals. Recommendations for future research and applications are discussed. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Psychology
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-9010
Year: 1996
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The elusive relationship between perceived employment opportunity and turnover behavior: a methodological or conceptual artifact?
Article Abstract:
Recent conceptual work focused attention on the gap between psychological turnover theory and the empirical literature regarding the prominence of perceived employment alternatives in shaping turnover decisions (for a review, see Hulin, Roznowski, & Hachiya, 1985). Meta-analysis confirmed that measures of perceived alternatives and turnover are weakly related (M subset r = .13). The current review supplements earlier work by focusing on 3 methodological problems that may contribute to the lack of support for the predictive utility of perceived alternatives in the contemporary literature: (a) interoccupational vs intraoccupational variance or the dependence of turnover researchers on occupationally homogeneous samples, (b) attenuating effects of the turnover base rate, and (c) inadequate instrumentation. Potential solutions to these problems are discussed. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Psychology
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-9010
Year: 1989
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