Field test of the cognitive interview: enhancing the recollection of actual victims and witnesses of crime

Article Abstract:

The Cognitive Interview was tested in the field to enhance the recollection of actual victims and witnesses of crime. The technique is based on laboratory-tested principles of memory retrieval, knowledge representation, and communication. Seven experienced detectives from the Metro-Dade Police Department were trained to use the technique and were compared with 9 untrained detectives. Before and after training, all detectives tape-recorded interviews with victims and witnesses of crime. The trained detectives elicited 47% more information after than before training, and 63% more information than did the untrained detectives. Overall collaboration rates (94%) were extremely high and were equivalent for pre- and posttrained interviews. Because the Cognitive Interview reliably enhances memory and is easily learned and administered, it should be useful for a variety of investigative interviews. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Cognitive psychology

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Building composite facial images: effects of feature saliency and delay of construction

Article Abstract:

The utility of Identi-kit composites was evaluated for representation of faces in 5 studies with 229 undergraduates. Ss constructed a composite immediately after exposure to a face or after 1 week. Other Ss attempted to identify the faces from photospreads by using the composites. The results indicated that (a) the typical lack of advantage for composites made immediately can be attributed, in part, to the inability of composite systems to portray salient features; (b) under ideal conditions, composites can yield 65%-88% correct photospread identifications; and (c) the usefulness of composites is not limited strictly by the Identi-kit system but also is a function of an interaction of standard witness parameters. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Product information, Equipment and supplies, Personal identification products industry, Identification equipment, Recognition (Psychology), Identification, Recognition (Memory), Identi-Kit Co.

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Effects of cognitive interviewing and practice on children's recall performance

Article Abstract:

In Experiment 1, a staged event was carried out that involved a private encounter between an unfamiliar man and 2 children. The results showed that questioning techniques based on principles from cognitive psychology significantly increased the number of correct facts recalled by both 7- to 8-year-olds and 10- to 11-year-olds over that gained with standard interview procedures and without affecting the number of incorrect items generated. These results were replicated in Experiment 2 with a different staged event and with 8- to 9-year-olds and 11- to 12-year-olds. Experiment 2 also assessed the impact of a prior practice cognitive interview, and practice was found to be effective for both age groups. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Psychological aspects, Cognition in children, Cognitive development, Interviewing, Practice (Philosophy)

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