Individual attributes and leadership style: predicting the use of punishment and its effects

Article Abstract:

The influence of individual attributes on leadership style with respect to the use of contingent and noncontingent punishment was investigated. The leadership attributes of self-esteem, physical fitness and moral reasoning were considered and the impact of using punishment on leadership effectiveness was analyzed. Empirical results showed that leaders with high self-esteem appear less likely to use punishment or criticism especially when it is not contingent on performance. Self-esteem was found to have no effect on contingent punishment, although low self-esteem is strongly related to the leaders' use of noncontingent punishment. Higher levels of moral reasoning appear to have a positive correlation with the use of contingent punishment while higher levels of physical fitness influence the frequency of contingent punishment.

Management Theory & Techniques, Management, Punishment, Leadership, Punishment (Psychology)

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Love and work: career-family attitudes of new entrants into the labor force

Article Abstract:

The attitudes of new entrants into the labor force toward career and family management were investigated using the Career-Family Attitudes Measure (CFAM). CFAM is a 56-item instrument that defines the career-family attitudes construct as the pattern of individual preferences for tradeoffs among different work and family issues. Empirical results revealed that women exhibit more positive attitudes toward balance and independence than do their male counterparts while men show more positive attitudes toward dominance and spousal support. These findings suggested that employees prefer the integration of career and family over tradeoffs between them.

Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Career development, Workers, Employee attitudes, Work and family

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