Carbohydrate and fluid intake affect the saliva flow rate and IgA response to cycling

Article Abstract:

This article compares the effects of drinking high-carbohydrate beverages and restricting fluid intake on salivary Immunoglobulin-A levels and saliva flow rates during prolonged exercise. Results indicate that ingesting carbohydrate-rich drinks promoted higher saliva flow rates and blood glucose levels, but fluid restriction resulted in increased Immunoglobulin-A concentrations.

England, Hydration, Rehydration solutions, Immune system, Immunoglobulin A, Salivation

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Pre-exercise carbohydrate status and immune response to prolonged cycling: I. effect on neutrophil degranulation

Article Abstract:

This article discusses the relationship between sports drink consumption, carbohydrate metabolism, and immunity. An analysis of white blood cells, muscle glycogen, and energy metabolism is presented.

Energy metabolism, Immunity, Immunity (Physiology), Neutrophils, Isotonic beverages, Energy drinks

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Effect of low- and high-carbohydrate diets on the plasma glutamine and circulating leukocyte responses to exercise

Article Abstract:

Studies reveal that carbohydrate availability can help individuals recover from intense and prolonged exercise. Comparisons of low- and high-carbohydrate diets show that high-level diets increase circulating leukocyte and plasma glutamine responses in the body, promoting faster recovery from exercise. Subjects tested were non-athlete males required to cycle for one hour after ingesting the varied carbohydrate diets.

Research, Glutamine

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