Macrophage and T cell-line tropisms of HIV-1 are determined by specific regions of the envelope gp120 gene

Article Abstract:

Several strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), associated with AIDS, have been identified, and these differ in the cell types they infect most effectively. They also appear to possess different abilities to produce pathologic changes in infected cells, to replicate quickly, and to affect the CD4 receptor (located on T cells). To learn more about the characteristics of HIV-1 strains that determine their white blood cell tropism (the white blood cells to which they ''home'' and subsequently infect), recombinant viruses were produced from genetic material taken from two HIV-1 strains with different infective abilities. The strains were HIV-1SF2, which replicates in T cells under laboratory conditions but cannot infect macrophages (another type of white blood cell), and HIV-1SF162, which replicates in macrophages, but cannot infect T cells. Results from studying the recombinant viruses were presented in earlier research articles: here, studies were performed to better identify the precise genetic regions that determined cell tropism. By exchanging and combining known gene segments, it was possible to determine that specific loci in gp120, the region that encodes the viral envelope protein, can determine both the T cell and macrophage tropisms. This knowledge paves the way for understanding how these genetic regions produce products capable of causing disease. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Research, HIV (Viruses), HIV, Viral genetics

---

Role of IL-16 in HIV replication

Article Abstract:

A factor other than interleukin-16 (IL-16) is responsible for the factor-mediated anti-HIV activity of CD8+ T-cells identified in HIV-infected individuals. A study by Baler et al. has indicated that IL-16 may be related to the immunodeficiency virus suppressing lymphokine produced by CD8+ cells. A series of experiments was conducted to determine if the anti-HIV activity of CD8+ cells from HIV-infected individuals mediated by a CD8+ cell antiviral factor is due to IL-16. Results rejected the involvement of IL-16 in factor-mediated anti-HIV activity of CD8+ cells in HIV-infected persons.

Analysis, CD8 lymphocytes, Interleukin structure-activity relationships

---

Biological activity of interleukin-16

Article Abstract:

Interleukin-16 (IL-16) induces motility and expression of interleukin-2 receptors in CD4+ T cells. It may also influence the inhibition of HIV-1 replication. The binding of IL-16 with CD4 may lead to signal-transduction events which inhibit HIV-1 promoter activity. Its gene structure and chromosomal location differs from that of other interleukins. IL-16 is synthesized by T-cells as a precursor molecule. The protein encoded by the IL-16 cDNA shows functions and chemical features similar to the native protein.

Reports, Physiological aspects, CD4 lymphocytes

Similar abstracts:

• Abstracts: Modulated phases and proton centring in ice observed by X-ray diffraction up to 170 GPa. Neutron and X-ray diffraction study of the broken symmetry phase transition in solid deuterium
• Abstracts: Polysaccharide elasticity governed by chair-boat transitions of the glucopyranose ring. Probing the chemistry of thioredoxin catalysis with force
• Abstracts: The story of Hou-Manatee. Bald eagle recovery in the lower 48 states. Florida manatee soft release
• Abstracts: Schrodinger's sheep. Quantum cloning. Laboratory simulation of cosmic string formation in the early Universe using superfluid 3He
• Abstracts: Laboratory simulation of cosmic string formation in the early Universe using superfluid 3He. A flat Universe from high-resolution maps of the cosmic microwave background radiation

This website is not affiliated with document authors or copyright owners. This page is provided for informational purposes only. Unintentional errors are possible.