SMAD proteins and mammalian anatomy
Article Abstract:
The signal transducers Smad2 and Smad4 play a key role in early mammalian development. Smad2 signalling has been found to be vital for embryonic mesoderm formation and the establishment of anterior-posterior polarity. It was also established that developmental changes depend on the amount of Smad2 activity, with a defective phenotype usually only being apparent when both of a pair of genes are inactivated. This research highlights the role of transforming growth factor-beta-related factors in defining left-right asymmetry.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1998
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
A WD-domain protein that is associated with and phosphorylated by the type II TGF-beta receptor
Article Abstract:
The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-receptor interacting protein-1 (TRIP-1), which contains a WD-domain, binds to the type II receptor site (RII) of TGF-beta. Thus TRIP1 is probably involved in the signalling activity of TGF-beta during cell proliferation and morphogenesis. TRIP-1 is phosphorylated in the presence of RII. TRIP-1 coimmunoprecipitates with the complex formed by type I and type II receptors provided that the lysine of RII at 277 is not mutated to arginine.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1995
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways in TGF-beta family signalling
Article Abstract:
The transformation growth factor-beta proteins, which regulate cell function and have key roles in development and carcinogenesis are discussed. The intracellular effectors of TGF-beta signalling, and Smad proteins are activated by receptors which translocate into the nucleus where they regulate transcription.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2003
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
- Abstracts: Stimulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation by the B-lymphocyte antigen receptor. Tolerance: a second mechanism
- Abstracts: Stimulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation by the B-lymphocyte antigen receptor. part 2 V(D)J recombinase induction in splenic B lymphocytes is inhibited by antigen-receptor signalling
- Abstracts: Level of nutrition and visceral organ protein synthetic capacity and nucleicacid content in sheep. Effects of ruminally degradable and escape protein supplements on steers grazing summer native range
- Abstracts: Human cytomegalovirus UL97 open reading frame encodes a protein that phosphorylates the antiviral nucleoside analogue ganciclovir
- Abstracts: Sensing calcium in rod cells. Modulation of the cGMP-gated channel of rod photoreceptor cells by calmodulin. Phospholipids in action