Smad transcription factors
Article Abstract:
Smad transcription factors lie at the core of one of the most versatile cytokine signaling pathways in metazoan biology and the progress has shed light into the processes of Smad activation, deactivation, nucleocytoplasmic dynamics, and assembly of transcriptional complexes. The growing understanding of transforming growth factor-beta [TGF(beta)] signaling through the Smad pathway provides general principles for how animal cells translate complex inputs into concrete behavior.
Publication Name: Genes & Development
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0890-9369
Year: 2005
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Integration of IGF, FGF, and anti-BMP signals via Smad1 phosphorylation in neural induction
Article Abstract:
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonists such as Noggin, Chordin, and Follistatin inhibit signaling by BMP receptor, in Xenopus, causing neural induction through a default pathway and active signals such as fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are also neural inducers. It is shown that Chordin, FGF8, and IGF2 have similar phenotypic effects on CNS development and synergize with each other.
Publication Name: Genes & Development
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0890-9369
Year: 2003
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Integration of Smad and MAPK pathways: A link and a linker revisited
Article Abstract:
The integration of Smad and Ras/MAPK pathways during neural induction provides timely insights into the relevance of one of the key nodes for pathway integration that operate in vivo. Pera et al. (2003) report that FGF8 and IGF2- two growth factors that activate the Ras/MAPK pathway-favor neural differentiation and mesoderm dorsalization in Xenopus by inhibiting BMP (Bone Morphogenetic Protein) signaling.
Publication Name: Genes & Development
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0890-9369
Year: 2003
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