Alternative explanations of union wage concessions

Article Abstract:

A common explanation for the wave of union wage concessions and the shrinkage of union employment during the 1980s is that these developments reflected the impacts of deregulation and foreign trade on the U.S. economy. Examination of union concessions, however, suggests that this explanation is at best half right. Indeed, much of the concession bargaining which occurred during 1981-85 took place in industries which were not exposed to foreign competition and which were not deregulated. Similarly, most of the shrinkage in union employment cannot be attributed to employment trends in particular sectors. While concession-prone industries did show larger rates of job loss for union workers than other industries, these losses were largely due to forces other than general employment trends in those industries. It appears that union wage trends in the pre-concession era, and associated industrial relations developments, are best able to explain union jobs losses and wage concessions. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Economic aspects, Compensation management, Wages, Wages and salaries, Labor unions, Collective labor agreements

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Systems of employee voice: theoretical and empirical perspectives

Article Abstract:

The mechanisms by which voice is provided to employees vary widely. Mandated voice systems, which are common in Western European nations, include works councils, codetermination, and legislated protection against unjust dismissal. Voluntary voice systems, which are common in the U.S., include unionism, accompanied by collective bargaining and grievance procedures, and nonunion grievance-like dispute resolution procedures. These nonunion procedures have become commonplace in large U.S. firms, but sometimes result in reprisals against employees and managers who are directly involved in their use. Thus it is important for businesses operating in the U.S. to make informed choices among the wide range of voluntary employee voice systems that prevail in the labor market. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Research, Usage, Participatory management, Works councils

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Employee benefits and the new economy: a proposal for reform

Article Abstract:

Employer-provided benefits such as pensions and health insurance are commonplace in the U.S. economy, thanks to generous tax subsidies. These benefits are often not 100% portable from job to job and thus interfere with labor mobility. Yet changes in the American economy are likely to make mobility more important in the future. It is important that benefits be made portable and that all sources of social insurance - not just employers - be made eligible for the same tax subsidies. There should be no public policy presumption that social insurance is best provided in the workplace. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Employee benefits

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