Information aggregation and communication in organizations

Article Abstract:

It is believed that research studies have never considered the significance of nested communication structures, which capture the notion of iterative communication, as being a determinant of organizational performance. A study was therefore conducted to investigate information aggregation in human organizations given a unique form of communication imperfections and a special pattern of decision makers' rewards. An optimal communications structure is characterized assuming that the decision maker is fired if he makes the wrong decision, and that the direct communication in a group of k units may lead to the loss of messages with the likelihood that rests entirely on group size. This analysis is linked to research on a number of topics including the theory of teams, the theory of organization and the information processing formulation of organizations.

Business Methods, Information Systems, Decision-making, Decision making, Telecommunications systems, Business enterprises

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The relation between research and development project performance and technical communication in a developing country - Afghanistan

Article Abstract:

The effects of frequency and centrality of communication on research and development project success is studied using data from 49 government-funded research and development projects in Afghanistan in 1979. Frequency of communication is shown by multivariate analyses to be positively correlated with performance for mid- and high-performing groups, while centrality (or location of the project within the communications network) is shown to be negatively related with project performance within low-performing groups. Little difference is discernable in the effects of centrality and frequency of communication on the performance of research and development projects, which contradicts previous research in this area. The results suggest that generalizing the available body of knowledge to all developing countries should only be undertaken with caution.

Political aspects, Developing countries, Afghanistan

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R & D management and corporate financial policy

Article Abstract:

The financial literature generally supports the hypothesis that businesses simultaneously calculate their research and development (R & D), dividend, new debt, and investment policies. R & D determinants, investment, dividend, and financing decisions of 140 companies are econometrically estimated for the period between 1978 and 1982. Management develops insights into the interactions of pursuing R & D outlays, offering dividends, and undertaking investments.

Analysis, Usage, Finance, Corporations, Corporate finance, Correlation (Statistics), Least squares

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