Revised-modified penalties for fixed charge transportation problems

Article Abstract:

Conditional penalties have been used in recent applications of branch-and-bound methods to solve the fixed charge transportation problem (FCTP). These penalties can produce even tighter lower bounds to subproblems in a branch-and-bound procedure than the LP relaxation of the subproblems. The new conditional penalties proposed by Palekar et al (1990), called 'modified penalties' or 'M-penalties,' are found to be invalid as conditional penalities because they can generate 'lower bounds' to the FCTP's optimal objective function value that are higher than this value. They can also lead to erroneous 'fathoming' and 'pegging' in the branch-and-bound procedure. A revised version of M-penalties, called RM-penalities, is presented.

Transportation, Prices and rates, Transportation industry, Branch and bound algorithms

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Is There A Best Way to Deliver Data Services?

Article Abstract:

An informal survey of the configuration of bank information systems reveals that there is no hard and fast rule as to the best method. The issues of centalization of decentralization or both data processing and data processing management seems to reflect the management style and corporate culture of the individual bank rather than a tested theory about relative effectiveness. The issues of centralization versus decentralization seem to be under review everywhere. It seems as technological skill increases there will be some tendency toward decentralization. Charts show centralized and decentralized structures.

Information resources management, Information systems, Evaluation, Organization Structure, Management of EDP, Banking, EDP, Decentralization

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International transportation services

Article Abstract:

Automation and deregulation are causing a rapid change in the forwarding and customs brokerage business making it important that a total transportation service be offered instead fixed modes.

Management, Freight forwarders, Customs brokers

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