Technological change in large U.S. commercial banks
Article Abstract:
Technological change lowered average U.S. commercial bank production costs for the period 1980-86. A greater percentage of cost savings were realized by the big banks. Cost of bank production for the average sample bank was lowered by about 1.0 percent per year within the sample period. Cost- reducing bank size grew for smaller banks. The Galbraith-Schumpeter hypothesis that the use of innovation by larger banks outpaced smaller banks did not hold true for the study. The innovative activities of banks of varied sizes were seen to operate independently of technological change.
Publication Name: The Journal of Business
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0021-9398
Year: 1991
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Are there scale economics in advertising?
Article Abstract:
The purported economic advantages of large scale advertising are discussed, and recent studies which have found such scale advantages are critiqued. One hundred brands in eleven consumer goods categories are studied. The results indicate that large firms do not have lower relative advertising costs than smaller firms.
Publication Name: The Journal of Business
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0021-9398
Year: 1986
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Advertising, competition, and market share instability
Article Abstract:
Advertising does not necessarily promote market strength. This is true for firms of both equal and unequal standing. Advertising is competitive even in highly concentrated industries. Advertising increases brand loyalty and product differentiation, decreases demand cross-elasticities, and stabilizes market shares.
Publication Name: The Journal of Business
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0021-9398
Year: 1987
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