A new look at the returns and risks to pharmaceutical R&D

Article Abstract:

The returns to research and development for new drug introductions were examined by researching a sample consisting of 100 Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs introduced into the US from 1970 to 1979. The study incorporated many structural changes that occurred in the industry during the 1980s, including increased real pharmaceutical prices and increased generic competition. Research results indicate that the introduction of new drugs resulted in returns consistent with the pharmaceutical industry's nine percent cost of capital, and that the economic performance of drugs introduced during the late 1970s was significantly better than the performance of drugs introduced in the early 1970s.

Pharmaceutical preparations, Research, Pharmaceutical industry, Product introduction, Industrial research, Return on investment, Rate of return

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An Injury Threshold Model for Two-Car Collisions

Article Abstract:

Future cars will be smaller. This research identifies the role of vehicle size in determining the probability of injury in two-vehicle collisions. The model validity is supported because differences between observed number of injuries and predicted number of injuries were statistically insignificant. Three regression models in the literature were evaluated and shown to be unacceptable. Tables and graphs present numerical results.

Management science, Automobiles, Automobile industry, Mathematical models, Models, Safety, Operations Research

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