Global or stateless corporations are national firms with international operations
Article Abstract:
Are "multinational," "transnational," or "global" corporations truly stateless? By applying a number of criteria - geographical spread and scope of operations, ownership, control, people, legal nationality, and tax domicile - one must conclude that they are national firms with international operations. The home nations remain the primary source of a corporation's international competitive advantage, so that weakness at home is unlikely to be compensated by overseas operations. Moreover, it is often simply not feasible for a company as a whole to shift its home base (as distinct from shifting its headquarters). The firm needs its home nations just as the nation needs its home-based firms. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: California Management Review
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0008-1256
Year: 1992
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United States direct investment in Japan: trends and prospects
Article Abstract:
Virtually every relevant measure, both macroeconomic and microeconomic, reveals the low levels of United States foreign direct investment in Japan. Many critics blame American companies and point to their alleged inadequate efforts to penetrate Japan's markets. This article argues that Japanese restrictions have played a more important role. Restrictions imposed by the Japanese government have eased in recent years, but today numerous barriers stem from Japanese business. The experiences of two notable American "success stories" in Japan, Toys 'R' Us and Merck, illustrate many of the obstacles that today confront even the most determined American companies. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: California Management Review
Subject: Business, general
ISSN: 0008-1256
Year: 1992
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