International activity of Japanese department stores

Article Abstract:

Retailing operations have shown internationally growth, particularly in the early 1990s. The emerging internationalization of Japanese department store firms, however, has been very evident. The rest of the 1990s offers an immense opportunity for these Asian retailers to follow their manufacturers into various global markets. The level of Japanese retailers' customer service was found to be better than most Western countries. This positive characteristic will most likely turn them into a dominant force in global retail operations.

Retail Stores, NEC, Services

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Consumer behavior convergence in the European Union

Article Abstract:

The food shopping behavior of Danish and Spanish consumers is investigated. Among the attributes found to affect consumer outlet selection were personnel, merchandise quality, item price, store location, merchandise range, service, clientele, ambiance, after sales service, physical facilities and waiting time at checkout. The results support the view that consumers use a consistent set of store attributes in making store choices.

Analysis, Consumer preferences, Consumer behavior, Shopping

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The international activities of Japanese retailers

Article Abstract:

A database of the international operations of Japanese retailers has been studied. Database sources include academic articles, corporate reports, reports from marketing researchers and reports from the press. Japanese retailers are shown to have made extensive use of representative offices, joint ventures, management agreements and franchises.

Retail Trade

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