Start-ups

Article Abstract:

Trends among women entrepreneurs in the UK were studied. Twenty percent of small business founders are women. The typical woman entrepreneur is in early middle age and has children who are either grown or in school. Most of the women do not have degrees, but have attended one or more small business management courses. Entrepreneurship was thrust upon most of the men or women in the study. Thirteen percent of the women said that they had always wanted to have their own business. Most of the businesses founded by women are in the service sector. Women tend to do more research than men before starting a business, and are less likely than men to enter into partnerships. Women tend to have less start-up capital than men, with an average of 5,500 pounds sterling for women compared to 13,800 for men.

United Kingdom, Management, Reports, Small business, Venture capital, Women-owned business enterprises, Women-owned businesses, Great Britain

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Social pressures and the spirit of individualism

Article Abstract:

Contrary to Western impression, entrepreneurship is thriving in Japan, as exemplified by the proliferation of small businesses. These small concerns comprise 68 percent of Japan's businesses, cater to local demands and supplying large Japanese companies. Most of the employees of large Japanese companies are highly educated and, because of their lifetime commitment to work for the same company, their companies invest heavily in retraining them. Another characteristic of Japanese employees is their willingness to trade their personal lifestyles for job security. This commitment to conformity starts at a young age, in school, where emphasis is placed on conforming to group norms.

Social aspects, Usage, Japan, Individualism

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Management buy-ins: the modern option

Article Abstract:

An alternative to starting a business is to buy into an existing one. The management buy-in entails both difficulties and traps which the buyer should consider, however. The conditions needed for a successful management buy-in include: experience on the part of the acquiring party, commitment of the management team, and financial help from a sponsoring party. Two case studies of management buy-ins are presented.

Finance, Corporations, Corporate finance, Businessmen, Leveraged buyouts

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