Rates of time preference for saving lives

Article Abstract:

Environmental programs provide future benefits but involve substantial start-up costs. Regulators prefer to analyze these programs on the basis of cost-per-life-saved, rather than assigning dollar values to the declines in future risk. Surveys indicate that the public is present-oriented, preferring to implement environmental programs that will save fewer people in the present rather than a greater number of people in the future. These responses could be the result of self-preservation tendencies or the belief that more effective programs will save people in the future.

Social aspects, Research, Environmental policy, Environmental policy research, Time perspective

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Assessing the effectiveness of saving incentives

Article Abstract:

Voluntary public policies providing incentives to save money for retirement may be ineffective as individuals who are unable to control expenditure to save for the future are unlikely to enroll in them. Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) assure employees without pension plans of a saving program. In the 401(k) plan, sponsored by the employers, the contribution is deducted from the payroll and the accumulated interest is untaxable. The 401(k) plan is more attractive to employees with low incomes while an IRA plan attracts wealthier, older employees.

Evaluation, Pensions, Retirement planning, Individual retirement accounts, Salary reduction savings plans, 401K plans

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On Keynesian theories of liquidity preference

Article Abstract:

A macroeconomic perspective on the interaction between the financial system and the level of economic activity has been proposed. It focuses on the relationship between liquidity preference, investment and how confidence fits into the picture. Two Keynesian theories of liquidity preference have been evaluated and both found to give insight into some parts of the monetary thought of John Maynard Keynes.

Liquidity (Finance), Keynesian economics

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