The relative importance of actual and potential competition: empirical evidence from the pharmaceuticals market

Article Abstract:

The article examines brand-name drug pricing in Sweden's pharmaceutical industry. Incumbent product prices decreased under conditions of potential competition, the introduction of reference-price systems, and the entry of generic products. A ratchet effect is also observed involving price regulation and entry-deterring limit-pricing.

Sweden, Commodity & service prices, Economic aspects, Pharmaceutical industry, Prices and rates, Brand name products, Brand names, Company pricing policy

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A search model where consumers choose quantity based on expected price

Article Abstract:

A price game is presented in which consumers randomly choose which company to buy from due to search costs and gauge the size of the purchase on what they expect to pay. Results show that the expected equilibrium price is more than the monopoly price.

Comparative analysis, Game theory

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Optimal pricing and quality choice when investment in quality is irreversible

Article Abstract:

A study is conducted to examine the uncertainty in price and quality choice in case of irreversible investments.

Venture Analysis, Analysis, Risk assessment, Uncertainty

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