Emulating the battlefield
Article Abstract:
US military training that simulates real-life warfare provides its forces with a strategic edge in the 1991 Persian Gulf War, keeping the US in the lead in high-tech military training. At the US Air Force's Fighter Weapons School, where 90 percent of Air Force Desert Storm troops trained within a year of the war, troops completed exercises even during the war focused on Iraqi tactics. They practice bombing, air-to-air combat, defense suppression, electronic warfare, reconnaissance, ground support, refueling and airlift. At the US Army National Training Center, opposing forces (Opfor) don Soviet clothes, use Soviet equipment and simulate battles, providing for such exigencies as severed communications, malfunctioning equipment and human errors. A simulator networking project (Simnet) will be used in a multimillion dollar computer simulation of the most devastating ground battle in the gulf war.
Publication Name: IEEE Spectrum
Subject: Engineering and manufacturing industries
ISSN: 0018-9235
Year: 1991
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Utilities get serious about efficiency
Article Abstract:
US utilities and state officials in California, New York, and New England are adopting regulations that permit utilities to profit as much or more if their customers reduce electricity use by using more technologically advanced, energy-efficient lighting, equipment, and appliances. The main factor in these programs is a set of complex regulations that make energy conservation as least as financially profitable as building more power plants. Industry analysts estimate that state regulations and market mechanisms will reduce energy use by about 8.5 percent by the year 2000. If complete market saturation could be achieved, the energy savings could reach 24 to 44 percent beyond the 8.5 percent. New buildings can save large amounts of energy if better insulation, more efficient appliances and equipment, and sensors to monitor and control energy use are installed when the building is constructed.
Publication Name: IEEE Spectrum
Subject: Engineering and manufacturing industries
ISSN: 0018-9235
Year: 1991
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New pay phones hit the street
Article Abstract:
The 101-year history of the public telephone is on the verge of a major turning point. The opening up of the pay phone market by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 1984 has introduced new players, technologies, services, and confusion. Around 225,000 private pay phones have been installed across the US in six years. This compares to 1.9 million pay phones owned by telephone companies. About half the private pay phones have been installed by Intellicall Inc of Carrollton, Texas. State and federal regulatory bodies are still working on how to control the rates charged by the new private pay phone industry. Integrated services digital networks (ISDN) will provide the path for new technical advances.
Publication Name: IEEE Spectrum
Subject: Engineering and manufacturing industries
ISSN: 0018-9235
Year: 1990
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