Process water treatment: navigating the options
Article Abstract:
Designing a processed water treatment system requires identifying and fully characterizing the source of the raw water to be treated. The common sources of feedwater for water treatment projects include surface waters, well water, municipal water, seawater, process fluids, return condensate and blended feed. A complete and representative water analysis should then be made. Environmental considerations include the generation and discharge of waste materials. Each new system should be chosen or designed based on the prevailing water analysis, user preferences and other nontechnical parameters.
Publication Name: Chemical Engineering
Subject: Engineering and manufacturing industries
ISSN: 0009-2460
Year: 2000
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The divide in distillation
Article Abstract:
Research coupled with developments in computer-aided designs made the commercialization of divided-wall distillation columns possible. Divided-wall systems provide a 30% capital cost savings and a 60% energy cost savings by separating three-component mixtures in one column. Their being compact also improves thermodynamic efficiency. Divided-wall systems may find commercial applications in the Refinery, chemical and gas fractionation and petrochemical businesses.
Publication Name: Chemical Engineering
Subject: Engineering and manufacturing industries
ISSN: 0009-2460
Year: 1999
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Membranes put the squeeze on cryogenics
Article Abstract:
Membrane separation is emerging as a favored mode of generating nitrogen despite the lower purity levels achieved through the process compared to cryogenic air separation. However, the difference in purity levels is more than offset by the large cost difference between the two process. Industrial users of nitrogen gas point to membrane separation process, which operates at ambient temperature, as a more cost effective means of getting their nitrogen supply.
Publication Name: Chemical Engineering
Subject: Engineering and manufacturing industries
ISSN: 0009-2460
Year: 2000
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