Small-scale co-management for the sustainable use of Xilingol biosphere reserve, Inner Mongolia

Article Abstract:

A negative externality of livestock breeding due to the difference between private and social breeding cost in Xilingol Biosphere Reserve (XBR), Inner Mongolia was observed that has caused extensive ecological degradation of the grassland. It is proposed that an alternative property rights regime, small scale co-management at the same time promote both individual economic interests and grassland conservation by improving the enforcement of stock rate.

Services information, Mongolia, Services, Environmental aspects, Livestock, Biosphere reserves, Livestock breeding

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Emerging evaluation of the biosphere and natural capital

Article Abstract:

A discussion about the flow of energy and materials within the biosphere is presented, focusing on emergy, or the amount of energy needed to make something. Topics include renewable and nonrenewable energies, emergy in relation to the global economy, and sustainability.

World, Statistical Data Included, Analysis, Human beings, Human-environment interactions, Environmental economics, Energy consumption

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Biodiversity and conservation in Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve

Article Abstract:

The author discusses management strategies used in China's Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve to promote biological diversity conservation.

China, Management, Biological diversity conservation, Biodiversity conservation, Changbai Shan

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