Facilitated diffusion of calcium across the rat intestinal epithelial cell

Article Abstract:

The function of calbindin, a calcium-binding protein, in the transportation of calcium across the intestinal mucosa is investigated. Evidence indicates that calcium absorption across the brush border of the intestinal epithelium is possible only in the presence of calbindin. The transfer of calcium from the luminal pole to the basolateral pole of the intestinal cell is likewise affected by the amount of calbindin present and the dissociation constant of the calcium-calbindin conjugate. Similarly it is proposed that an acidity gradient will facilitate calcium transport.

Carrier proteins, Transport proteins, Calcium-binding proteins, Calcium binding proteins

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Paracellular calcium transport across the small intestine

Article Abstract:

Electrical parameters of calcium transport across the small intestine, from the lumen to the serosa and vice versa were measured to investigate the predominant mechanism by which calcium is absorbed in the small intestine. Results showed that 60% to 70% of the calcium flux across the small intestine is due to paracellular transport mechanism. The mechanism transports particles across concentration and electrical gradients passively. It was also shown that calcium absorption takes place in the duodenum while calcium excretion takes place in the jejunum and ileum.

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Current concepts of calcium absorption: an overview

Article Abstract:

Calcium transport across the intestinal epithelium can be transcellular or paracellular. Transcellular mechanism involves the passage of calcium through the cell while paracellular mechanisms follow a density gradient with the cations passing through cellular junctions. Vitamin D enhances all aspects of calcium uptake including the entry of cation, binding to cellular organelles, diffusion across the cell and extrusion in the basolateral membrane. The mechanisms by which vitamin D enhances calcium absorption needs further elucidation.

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