Intestinal calcium absorption: calcium entry

Article Abstract:

The first step in calcium absorption is the cation's entry into the brush border of intestinal cells. The initial step in calcium transport follows a concentration gradient and does not require energy. Vitamin D has been shown to increase calcium movement across the microvillar surface of the intestinal cells in animals deficient in this vitamin. However, its primary effect is on the transport of calcium across and out of the intestinal mucosa. Other factors affecting calcium absorption in the small intestine are discussed.

Brush border membrane

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Vesicular calcium transport in chick intestine

Article Abstract:

Biochemical and histological analyses of the intestinal epithelium of chicks were undertaken to investigate the function of lysosomes on calcium absorption. Results indicate that lysosomes are mobilized in the luminal absorption and cellular transport of calcium in the intestines. Calcium bound to membrane receptors is endocytosed along the luminal surface. The endocytic vessicle formed is then transported across the cell and its content is emptied out of the basolateral cell surface.

Endocytosis

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Intestinal calcium transport and calcium extrusion processes at the basolateral membrane

Article Abstract:

Calcium extrusion across the basolateral membrane of the small intestine is an active transport process that includes the operation of calcium pumps and the exocytosis of calcium-containing vessicles. Biochemical and immunological analysis of avian intestines showed that calcium pumps are associated with the basolateral membrane. Vitamin D enhances calcium extrusion rates significantly because it increases the pump units along the basolateral membrane.

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