Airport and airline competition for passengers departing from a large metropolitan area

Article Abstract:

A multiairport competition model is presented. It includes factors of airfares, frequences, passenger charges, accessibility, and assumes that no airlines operate out of two or more competing regional airports.

Airports, flying fields, & services, Airports, Airport Operations, Competition (Economics), Airlines, Deregulation

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Second-best congestion pricing: the case of an untolled alternative

Article Abstract:

The relative efficiency of second-best congestion pricing in scenarios where road users have a choice between a tolled and an untolled route is examined. This study considered a two-link network, where one route is tolled and the other is not, with elastic demand, with complete inelastic demand considered as a limiting case. The second-best one-route congestion toll in its optimal use trades off some sub-goals that support the general goal of efficient utilization of road infrastructure capacity. The sub-goals relate to usage and congestion on both routes, thereby making up overall demand and route split effects. Simulation shows that reduction of a free-flow cost parameter and a congestion cost parameter on the tolled route leads to less efficient one-route tolling. With identical routes, one-route tolling becomes more attractive when demand is more elastic although it is also more attractive at inelastic demand when free-flow costs differ between the two routes.

Traffic congestion, Toll roads, Tolls

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Commuting: in search of jobs and residences

Article Abstract:

A study has been conducted to examine the consequences of the most common forms of market imperfections on commuting behavior, moving costs and imperfect information. Several models have failed to explain commuting behavior in large urban areas due to the absence of market imperfections in their analysis. A search model has been developed to examine how commuting distances can change after a costly job or residence transfer. The model assumes that market imperfections have direct effects on commuting behavior. Findings have revealed that, contrary to previous studies, workers who are highly mobile in the housing market may demand higher wages than those who are less mobile since commuting distance has been found to be negatively related to job arrival rate.

Employee Relocation Procedures, Economic aspects, Relocation (Housing), Commuting, Commuters, Employee relocation

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