Population decentralization within metropolitan areas: 1970-1980

Article Abstract:

Urban decentralization research has not yielded definitive results because of the use of flawed data in research and a poor understanding of urban processes. New research into population changes in 66 central city and suburban areas was conducted to identify factors affecting population decentralization that characterized central city areas between 1970 and 1980. Research results reveal that housing stock and demographic variables have a greater effect on decentralization than differences between the central city and suburban areas. Research results also indicate that central city population growth is negatively affected by an older housing stock, a larger concentration of blacks, and higher crime. Additionally, results indicate that an older central city housing stock reduces the employment growth rate of suburbs, but higher per capita income and larger concentration of low-income people in the central city increases employment growth rate of the suburbs.

Cities and towns, Growth, Demographic transition

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A model of intraurban employment location: estimation results from Seoul data

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted using a multinomial logit model of firm location built around the theory of bid-rent. This theory was tested in previous research. The current study examined manufacturing firms in Seoul, South Korea. Research results reveals that patterns of employment location in the cities of quickly growing, less developed countries follow a predictable pattern. The accessibility of local markets and the commuting distance for production workers are most important for smaller manufacturing companies. The benefits these companies receive from various externalities available in the central area compensate for the costs of high rent and congestion. Additionally, research results indicate that more space is required by larger, modern production firms, and that access to local markets is less important to these companies, than is lower cost land and plant space.

Economic aspects, Employment, Developing countries, Factories, Location, Korea, Seoul, South Korea, Korea, South, Seoul

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On the causality of intraurban location

Article Abstract:

US employment and population decentralization patterns in metropolitan areas are familiar to most urban economists. Considerable time and space have been devoted to the social and economic factors behind suburbanization. A prerequisite for implementing any government policy aimed at slowing or reversing the process is an understanding of the nature of the decentralization process. Uncertainty about decentralization's root causes impedes enlightened discourse on the desirability or appropriateness of different types of government intervention. Causal models and simple facts can have major effects on the directions policy makers seek in government intervention. The heart of the decentralization process holds the issue of causality, and causality conclusions must be carefully examined before being accepted.

Analysis, Demographic aspects, Suburbs, Demography, Causation, Causation (Philosophy)

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