The highway speed-volume relationship revisited
Article Abstract:
The highway speed-volume relationship is a major variable in urban transportation that can be used to analyze congestion, determine tolls, and calibrate traffic simulation models. A 1982 report by R. Fare, S. Grosskopf, and B.J. Yoon (FGY) modeled highways as a production process in which the scale of the highways and the flow of cars were inputs and the speed was the output. FGY used production theory to create a paradigm for the functional speed-flow relationship. FGY claimed that their paradigm could describe speed-volume relationships characterized by increases of speed with volume over a low volume range, with speed reaching a maximum and then decreasing with volume. The FGY paradigm was flawed due to faulty software that yielded incorrect parameter estimates. However, with some readjustments, the production theory paradigm for speed-volume relationships remains useful.
Publication Name: Journal of Urban Economics
Subject: Government
ISSN: 0094-1190
Year: 1991
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Residential location and scheduling of work hours
Article Abstract:
A study was conducted to investigate the relationship between residential location and the setting of work-start time of those working in a monocentric city. Specifically, the study examined the decisions of workers to live near or far from their places of work and to start work at peak time or off-peak time. Research findings suggested that the relationship between the scheduling of work and and the selection of residential location is determined by such factors as the city's transportation technology, individual preferences and the effects of staggered work hours on income.
Publication Name: Journal of Urban Economics
Subject: Government
ISSN: 0094-1190
Year: 1992
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Wage variation resulting from staggered work hours
Article Abstract:
A theoretical basis for varying pay rates with staggered working hours is presented. Declining margins returns to labor and urban scale economies are demonstrated to promote opposite, but not always equal, effects on marginal wages. Survey data from Singapore is examined with an ordered probit model to calculate income as a function of work start time. Results suggest that staggered work hours affect production. Urban scale economies are demonstrated to dominate the influence of decreasing marginal returns.
Publication Name: Journal of Urban Economics
Subject: Government
ISSN: 0094-1190
Year: 1988
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