Angioscopic evaluation of coronary-artery thrombi in acute coronary syndromes

Article Abstract:

Blood clots that block coronary arteries and cause a heart attack have a different appearance than clots that cause unstable angina. This could reflect differences in composition and could explain why thrombolytic drugs - drugs that break up clots - are effective in heart attacks but not in unstable angina. Angioscopy was performed within eight hours after symptoms began in 16 patients diagnosed with heart attack, and within 48 hours after symptoms began in 15 patients with unstable angina. Angioscopy involves the insertion of a catheter into the heart that allows doctors to see the inside of the coronary arteries. Blood clots were observed in all but two patients - one in each group. However, the clots in the arteries of most of the angina patients were grayish-white, whereas the clots in the arteries of all of the heart attack patients were red.

Thrombosis, Coronary arteries, Blood clot

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Acute coronary syndromes -- beyond myocyte necrosis

Article Abstract:

Researchers have discovered two markers of a heart attack that are not produced directly by the damaged heart muscle. One is B-type natriuretic peptide and the other is pregnancy-associated plasma protein A. Increased blood levels of these proteins are also a marker of a poor prognosis.

Editorial, Natriuretic peptides

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Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A as a marker of acute coronary syndromes

Article Abstract:

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) appears to be a good marker for diagnosing heart attack, according to an autopsy study of 85 people. PPAP-A was originally discovered in pregnant women but is now known to occur in both sexes.

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