Apnea and periodic breathing during sleep

Article Abstract:

Central apnea occurs often during episodes of periodic breathing. Periodic breathing occurs when breathing becomes irregular, with periods of rapid breathing alternating with a temporary cessation of breathing. Apnea is the technical term for a temporary cessation of breathing. It can be caused by an obstruction in the throat or by an abnormality in the brain areas that regulate breathing. In the latter case, it is called central apnea. Periodic breathing can occur in health people, but when it occurs in patients with heart failure, it can worsen their disease.

Editorial, Physiological aspects, Respiration

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The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure

Article Abstract:

Digoxin does not appear to improve survival rates in patients with heart failure but it may reduce the hospitalization rate. Physicians prescribed digoxin for 3,397 patients in heart failure while 3,403 patients in heart failure took a placebo. Many of the patients were also taking diuretics and ACE inhibitors. After 3 to 5 years, mortality rates were similar in both groups, but those taking digoxin had fewer hospitalizations. They were also less likely to be hospitalized for worsening heart failure. Eight-eight percent had therapeutic blood levels of digoxin.

Heart failure, Digoxin

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Effect of theophylline on sleep-disordered breathing in heart failure

Article Abstract:

Theophylline may be effective in restoring normal breathing patterns in patients with heart failure. These patients often stop breathing periodically during sleep, a condition called apnea. Fifteen men with heart failure and sleep apnea took theophylline twice a day or placebo for five days and then switched treatments. Theophylline reduced the number of apnea episodes and also the percent of time the men experienced low blood oxygen levels.

Theophylline

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