Botulism surveillance and emergency response: a public health strategy for a global challenge
Article Abstract:
The US Botulism Surveillance System could be a model for many other nations. Botulism is a favorite biological weapon of some terrorists because small amounts can be lethal. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) carries out intensive surveillance for botulism and provides diagnostic services to hospitals. The CDC also manages the country's antitoxin supply, which is kept at CDC stations located in various airports. The CDC also has an agreement with the Pan American Health Organization to provide antitoxin to most countries in the Western Hemisphere.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1997
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Botulism in the United States: a clinical and epidemiologic review
Article Abstract:
Physicians must know the signs and symptoms of botulism to prevent potential outbreaks. Contaminated food can sometimes be a source of botulism, making this disease a public health emergency. It is caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. An average of 24 cases a year are reported to the CDC. The toxin produces paralysis that may start as blurred vision, difficulty speaking and swallowing. Tests must be performed to rule out other diseases that can mimic botulism. Treatment consists of antitoxin, which must be given as soon as possible.
Publication Name: Annals of Internal Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0003-4819
Year: 1998
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Outbreak of Type A Botulism and Development of a Botulism Surveillance and Antitoxin Release System in Argentina
Article Abstract:
A botulism outbreak in Buenos Aires, Argentina in January, 1998 was linked to inadequately cooked meat. Nine bus drivers who ate an Argentine meat roll called matambre developed symptoms of botulism, including blurred vision, difficulty swallowing, muscle weakness and gastrointestinal symptoms. The matambre had been cooked at low temperatures, then wrapped in plastic and stored in refrigerators. All the bus drivers received botulism antitoxin and recovered.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 1999
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