Calcium ions and the conformation of glycoprotein IIIa that is essential fibrinogen binding to platelets: analysis by a new monoclonal anti-GP IIIa antibody, TM83

Article Abstract:

TM83, derived from mice, is a monoclonal antibody which can be used against glycoproteins found in human platelets. Platelets are the small cell fragments which are involved in the blood clotting process. Study of TM83 has shown that it reacts only with specific glycoproteins which form a complex on the membrane of platelets. The antibody was able to inhibit the association between platelets and the binding of fibrinogen which begins the clotting process. When the experiment was repeated, but with the addition of EDTA, a compound which chelates (or binds) calcium, the associated clotting response was decreased by 70 percent. When calcium ion was replaced in the medium, the platelets regained their ability to cluster. The experiments reveal the location of the specific glycoprotein that is affected by TM83 and the dependence of calcium ion. The calcium mechanism may work by modifying the structure of the TM83 antibody.

Glycoproteins, Calcium in the body, Calcium (Nutrient), Blood platelets, Blood clotting, Blood coagulation, Fibrinogen

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T cells in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: quantitative assessment of cytotoxic and interleukin-2-producing lymphocyte precursors by limiting dilution analysis

Article Abstract:

A study performed with patients with B-Cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) shows that comparable numbers of interleukin-2 (IL-2)-producing helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells are present in CLL patients and healthy controls. However, there is still much to be determined regarding the functional capacity of T lymphocytes in CLL patients. Unseparated mononuclear cells of CLL patients show low frequencies of proliferating lymphocyte precursors, helper lymphocyte precursors and cytotoxic lymphocyte precursors. On the other hand, purified T cells contained similar frequencies of precursors of proliferating, IL-2-producing and cytotoxic T cells when compared to healthy controls. Major defects in the number of circulating cytotoxic or IL-2-producing lymphocyte precursors were not revealed by the study.

T cells, Immunologic diseases, Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

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Profiles of expression of activated cell antigens on peripheral blood and lymph node cells from different clinical stages of adult T-cell leukemia

Article Abstract:

The tumor cells of patients at various stages of adult T-cell leukemia were examined for the presence of cell membrane proteins (cell antigens). In one experiment a panel of different antibodies directed against various cell antigens was used to classify the antigens present for the leukemic cells. The antibodies were prepared using immunologically active cells grown in culture to produce monoclonal antibodies. The findings indicate that various subclasses of the disease, and leukemic cells in various stages of development, expressed different patterns of antigens on their surface membranes. The findings suggest that these particular patterns of antigens may relate to differences in the action and clinical picture between various forms of leukemia.

Cell surface antigens

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