Lack of detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the saliva of infected children and adolescents

Article Abstract:

HIV may not be present in the saliva of HIV-infected children. If true, this means that young HIV-infected children may pose no risk at daycare centers or schools. Researchers collected blood and saliva samples from 13 HIV-positive children ranging from age 1 to 15 and analyzed them for the presence of HIV RNA and DNA. Blood cultures tested positive in 12 of the children, but HIV RNA was found in the saliva of only one child. His sample had not been diluted before analysis, suggesting that the HIV virus, if present, is present in very low numbers.

Measurement, Physiological aspects, Children, HIV (Viruses), HIV, Teenagers, Saliva

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Use of insulin lispro in the outpatient management of ketonuria

Article Abstract:

The presence of ketones in the urine of diabetic children can indicate a potentially life-threatening situation, but one which can be successfully alleviated with the use of insulin lispro. Insulin lispro is a quick-acting form of human insulin which takes effect in 10 to 20 minutes and works for about four hours. Of 57 diabetic youths with ketonuria, 34 were treated with insulin lispro. There was a 100% success rate in preventing the need for hospitalization, the same as in the 23 children using traditional insulin.

Care and treatment, Diabetes in youth, Juvenile diabetes, Urine, Urinalysis, Ketoacidosis, Diabetic ketoacidosis

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