Dental implants used for periodontal patients

Article Abstract:

Tooth loss is much less common today than in the past, because of the emphasis on prevention and early treatment of gingivitis and periodontal disease. Gingivitis is the first stage of periodontal disease, a progressive condition that begins with inflamed, bleeding gums and progresses to destruction of the bone tissue that supports the teeth in their sockets. If this process is not arrested and treated, teeth become loose and fall out or require extraction. While early treatment is often effective for reattaching and saving the affected teeth, a small number of patients still lose teeth. The traditional way of replacing these lost teeth has been removable prosthetics (dentures and similar devices). However, dental implants, which are false or natural teeth that are permanently implanted in the jaw using a titanium screw, are now gaining acceptance. The natural tooth or prosthetic tooth is screwed directly into the jaw, without being anchored to the teeth located on either side of it. The successful use of this approach for three different patients is described. One man had a broken incisor that was extracted and replaced with an implant. A female patient, who had removable dentures because of extensive caries and periodontal disease, had her dentures replaced with a series of implants. The third patient had an abnormal bite due to tooth loss caused by periodontal disease; she was fitted with permanent implants as well. The case reports are illustrated by X-rays that clearly show the implants as they are screwed into the jaw. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Case studies, Reports, Implant dentures, Dental implants, Tooth loss, Dental technology

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Regenerating the periodontium in advanced periodontal disease

Article Abstract:

Gum diseases, diseases and infections of the jaw, and injuries to the jaw and teeth can all lead to severe degeneration of the bones and tissues that surround the teeth. Such degeneration can cause tooth loss and facial disfigurement. Recent advances in techniques and materials used for regeneration of the periodontium, the structures supporting the teeth, hold great promise. Currently, a number of materials are in use that greatly enhance bone regeneration. One technique involves grafting fresh bone and marrow tissues, taken from the patient, around the teeth to form a new attachment apparatus. Demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts (DFDBA), bone taken from genetically matched donors, is also an effective treatment material. Barrier membranes placed over wounds around the teeth are also used because they selectively allow certain types of cells to enter the wound area while blocking other types of cells. Treatment with a combination of barrier membranes and DFDBA is highly effective in stimulating bone regeneration. In the future, the development of a synthetic regeneration materials will be important in overcoming some of the limitations of bone grafts, such as genetic matching and the possibility of disease transmission through the grafts. Some promising synthetic materials have been developed and are being tested. Advanced periodontal defects are now highly treatable and future advances should lead to total regeneration in all cases of periodontal degeneration caused by disease or injury. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Research, Usage, Periodontics, Bone-grafting, Bone transplantation

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Periodontal regeneration updated

Article Abstract:

Periodontal regeneration is used to treat many periodontal defects. New techniques regenerate cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone to make a new periodontal attachment. Insight is given into what may be expected by the clinician and patient following treatment by regenerative and repair procedures. The clinician must choose either an osteoinductive material such as allograft bone or a conductive material such as alloplasts when selecting a graft implant material. Observations concerning root and defect debridement, interdental denudation, autogenous bone grafts, allografts, alloplastic materials, guided tissue regeneration, growth factors and guided bone regeneration for dental implants are set forth.

Cover Story, Bone regeneration

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