Effects of nutritional counseling on lipoprotein levels in a pediatric lipid clinic

Article Abstract:

Changing dietary fat intake appears to have a significant effect on levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) but little effect on levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (LDL-c). Of 104 children with abnormally high levels of LDL-c and abnormally low levels of HDL-c, 96% had parents or close relatives with abnormal levels of LDL-c and HDL-c or premature heart disease. Children's diets were analyzed based on 3-day diet records, and then they and their families received nutritional counseling on the importance of lowering total fat, saturated fat and cholesterol intake. Following counseling, 66.7% of the children had maintained excellent diets or had improved their diets. However, LDL-c levels dropped by 15% or more in only 19% of the children. HDL-c levels increased by 15% or more in 28% of the children. HDL-c levels rose significantly in children who initially were on very low fat diets but were then counseled to increase their intake of unsaturated fats.

Health aspects, Lipoproteins, Blood lipoproteins, Nutrition counseling, Dyslipoproteinemias

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Assessment of girls' genital findings and the likelihood of sexual abuse

Article Abstract:

Physicians who regard themselves as skilled in examination of children for sexual abuse vary widely in their findings from the consensus opinions made by an expert panel. They also vary widely from each other. A group of 414 physicians responded with opinions about sexual abuse based on viewing photographs of the genitals of girls between the ages of two and 10. Of these, 206 considered themselves skilled at such findings. With some of the pictures, from 5% to over 20% described things the expert panel had decided were not there. This would suggest that extreme caution should be taken before a diagnosis of sexual abuse is made.

Sexually abused children, Photography, Medical, Medical photography

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Utility of direct measurement of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in dyslipidemic pediatric patients

Article Abstract:

A means of directly measuring low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) appears to be less accurate and more costly than the traditional method. Elevated levels of LDL-C are a risk factor for heart disease. Researchers compared a direct measurement of LDL-C with the traditional method, which uses the Friedewald formula, in 92 children with elevated blood lipid levels. The direct measurement was three times more expensive and less accurate in identifying children who needed treatment.

Measurement, Pediatric diseases, Cholesterol, LDL, VLDL cholesterol lipoproteins, Hyperlipidemia, Hyperlipidemia in children

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