Excess mortality among blacks and whites in the United States

Article Abstract:

There may be many different factors underlying the increased mortality rates seen in blacks in the US. Researchers compared death rates in 8 poor areas and 8 advantaged areas in close geographical proximity throughout the country. Death rates in poor areas were higher than the national average, especially among blacks. Increased death rates seemed to be linked to poverty, since black residents of Queens-Bronx had income levels and mortality rates similar to whites. White residents of Detroit had excess death rates similar to poor blacks. However, black Alabamans had the highest poverty rates but the lowest excess mortality among poor blacks.

Poor, Social status

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The epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in black Americans

Article Abstract:

Differences in mortality rates from cardiovascular disease in black Americans can be explained by the fact that blacks worldwide fall into one of six stages of cardiovascular disease. Stage 1 consists of a complete absence of cardiovascular disease seen in some African tribes. As blacks became Westernized, rates of cardiovascular disease increased, putting them in stages 2 through 5. Two 1996 articles found that geographic and socioeconomic factors affect mortality rates from cardiovascular disease in blacks.

Editorial, Cardiovascular diseases

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Use of census-based aggregate variables to proxy for socioeconomic group: evidence from national samples

Article Abstract:

Investigators tend more and more to add census-based socioeconomic characteristics of areas where subjects live to records to deal with lack of socioeconomic information for health data. Health outcome equations using samples from nationally representative data sets linked to census data have been estimated. It appears that aggregate measures cannot be interpreted as being microlevel variables. A specific aggregate measure should not be seen as representing effects although so labeled.

Standards, Demographic aspects, Health surveys, Social classes, Social class, Welfare, Public assistance, Income, Medical statistics, Statistics (Mathematics), Census districts, Zip code

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