Exercise and decreased risk of NIDDM
Article Abstract:
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder in which the tissues of the body show a decreased sensitivity to the effects of insulin, the pancreatic hormone that is critical in the processing of carbohydrates (sugars and starches). At least three factors are generally agreed to be important in the genesis of this condition: genetic predisposition to NIDDM; a decrease in the action of insulin in adipose tissue (fat); and a defect in the insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cell. NIDDM is particularly associated with advancing age, obesity, and high blood pressure. It is thought that interventions to prevent or reverse insulin resistance through alterations in lifestyle, such as exercising and maintaining a proper diet, may have a protective effect against NIDDM. In the July 18, 1991 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine, Helmrich et al. present data collected from a long-term study of disease prevalence in former college students. The results showed an inverse relationship between the amount of energy expended in leisure-time activities and the likelihood of developing NIDDM in the following 15 years. Risk factors for the 3.4 percent of participants who developed NIDDM included parental history of diabetes, older age, high blood pressure, a body-mass index corresponding to obesity, and low levels of physical activity. These findings strongly suggest that individuals who are prone to develop NIDDM should try to maintain a high level of physical activity as a preventative measure. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)
Publication Name: The New England Journal of Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0028-4793
Year: 1991
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Sudden death in young athletes
Article Abstract:
The causes of sudden death in young athletes are reviewed. Topics include cardiovascular causes, causes unrelated to cardiovascular disease, the athlete's heart, preparticipation screening, and criteria for sports eligibility and disqualification. About 90% of all sudden deaths among young athletes are caused by cardiovascular disease of some kind.
Publication Name: The New England Journal of Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0028-4793
Year: 2003
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