Feeding patterns, water sources and fluoride exposures of infants and 1-year-olds
Article Abstract:
Fluoride intake may vary widely among infants and young children. Their level of fluoride intake depends on their eating habits, the composition of local water sources and use of dietary fluoride supplements and fluoridated toothpaste. A study examined the fluoride intake of 107 children between birth and 18 months. Eighty-four percent of the children lived in a home with a community water supply, 7% in a home with an individual well and 5% to 8% in a home with a community well. Sixty percent of the children drank water at the age of three months, 92% at six months, 97% at nine months and 99% at 12 months and older. Most of the children who consumed water mainly drank tap water. Between 32% and 42% of the children received dietary fluoride supplements, most at the recommendation of their pediatrician. Two children brushed regularly with fluoridated toothpaste at the age of nine months.
Publication Name: Journal of the American Dental Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0002-8177
Year: 1993
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Infants' fluoride ingestion from water, supplements and dentifrice
Article Abstract:
Drinking water appears to be the major source of fluoride for most infants. Researchers used parental surveys and food diaries to estimate infants' fluoride intake from water, supplements, and toothpaste during the first nine months of life. Fluoride ingestion from each source varied widely among the group throughout the study period. The average percentage of fluoride intake from water ranged from 82% to 88%. Because few children used supplements or toothpaste, these sources contributed minimally to fluoride intake in the group as a whole. Among those who used supplements or toothpaste, these sources represented a greater percentage of total fluoride intake. Some children had an estimated total fluoride intake that exceeded recommended levels.
Publication Name: Journal of the American Dental Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0002-8177
Year: 1995
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Fluoride concentrations of infant foods
Article Abstract:
High levels of fluoride in some baby foods can raise an infant's risk of dental fluorosis, a condition in which the teeth become discolored and pitted. An analysis of fluoride concentrations in 238 infant foods showed a range from 0.01 to 8.38 micrograms of fluoride per gram of food. The highest concentrations were in foods containing chicken. The primary source of the fluoride is the water used in processing. Fluoridation levels in the water the consumer uses to prepare cereals can add to the total.
Publication Name: Journal of the American Dental Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0002-8177
Year: 1997
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