Fetal erythropoietin levels in pregnancies complicated by meconium passage: does meconium suggest fetal hypoxia?

Article Abstract:

The presence of meconium in amniotic fluid during childbirth may be a sign of reduced oxygen supply to the fetus, as measured by blood levels of erythropoietin. Erythropoietin is produced whenever oxygen levels decrease.

Diagnosis

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Umbilical cord plasma erythropoietin levels in pregnancies complicated by maternal smoking

Article Abstract:

Maternal smoking during pregnancy may be associated with impaired fetal growth from chronic poor oxygen delivery to the fetus, indicated by an elevated erythropoietin level in umbilical cord blood. Erythropoietin is a hormone that increases red blood cell production, which is necessary for oxygen delivery. Researchers compared erythropoietin levels in blood from 222 newborns born to 48 smokers and 174 nonsmokers. Blood erythropoietin levels were more than twice as high, on average, in blood samples from smokers, and their pregnancies were at higher risk for fetal growth restriction.

Risk factors, Fetus, Pregnant women, Smokers, Fetal growth retardation, Smoking and women, Women smokers

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Effects of raloxifene in a guinea pig model of leiomyomas

Article Abstract:

Raloxifene reduces the size of leiomyomas in estradiol-exposed guinea pigs. Leiomyomas are fibroid tumors of the uterus, and they can develop from continuous high levels of estrogen in the body. Researchers placed estradiol-secreting implants in guinea pigs to induce leiomyoma formation, removed the implants, then replaced them. Some animals also received raloxifene, an estrogen blocking drug. The tumors grew in the presence of estradiol, regressed without estrogen stimulation, and regressed with simultaneous estradiol and raloxifene treatment. Leiomyomas appear to require estradiol exposure to continue growing, and raloxifene appears to block this process.

United States, Raloxifene, Leiomyoma, Estradiol, Uterine fibroids

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