High-risk STD/HIV behavior among college students

Article Abstract:

The high infection rate of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among older adolescents and young adults in North America is causing much concern. Because STDs are so common in these age groups, it appears that preventative measures, such as condom use, are used inconsistently. The high rate of certain STDs, such as Chlamydia trachomatis infection, suggests that there is also potential for rapid transmission of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection within this population. During 1988, 5,514 first-year college students in regions across Canada were surveyed on their knowledge and behaviors regarding STDs and HIV transmission. The average respondent age was 19.7 years. Results showed that the students were more knowledgeable about HIV and AIDS than they were about other STDs. Approximately 70 percent of both men and women were sexually active, and of these, 5.5 percent at one time had a STD. Also, out of the sexually active group, 14 percent of the men, and 19 percent of the women, had participated in anal intercourse. Twenty-five percent of the men and 16 percent of the women reported that they always used a condom when having intercourse. But of the respondents who had 10 or more partners (21 percent of the men and 9 percent of the women), only 21 and 8 percent, respectively, used condoms regularly. The rates of anal intercourse and previous STDs were higher in the subgroup that had an average of 10 or more partners than in the larger study sample. Reasons for not using condoms included embarrassment about buying them, inhibition about discussing condoms with partners, lack of knowledge about STDs and HIV, use of birth control pills, and the belief that condoms reduce sexual pleasure. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Health aspects, Sexually transmitted diseases, Usage, Canada, Surveys, College students, Condoms, Safe sex

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Guidelines for Determining Whether a Drug Is Exerting (More Than) a Class Effect

Article Abstract:

New drugs should be tested against older drugs in the same class to see if they have effects beyond the effects of the drug class. A drug class consists of drugs that have a similar structure and mechanism of action. An example is a class of drugs called the statins, which lower blood cholesterol levels. However, not all drugs in the same class have the same effects. A randomized clinical trial is the best way of determining if a drug has effects beyond the class effects.

Evaluation, Drugs, Drug evaluation

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Effects of Exercise on Glycemic Control and Body Mass in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials

Article Abstract:

Aerobic exercise and resistance training can lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes but have little effect on body mass. This was the conclusion of researchers who analyzed 14 clinical trials that evaluated the effect of exercise on glycosylated hemoglobin and body mass in 504 patients with type 2 diabetes.

Care and treatment, Physiological aspects, Type 2 diabetes, Aerobic exercises, Weight training

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