Lifetime number of partners as the only independent risk factor for human papillomavirus infection: a population-based study

Article Abstract:

The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection appears to be high among sexually active Swedish women. HPV infection is a sexually transmitted disease strongly associated with cervical cancer. A total of 581 Swedish women between the ages of 19 and 25 years were interviewed and examined for HPV infection. A total of 526 of the women indicated they were sexually active. Twenty-two percent of the samples from the sexually active women tested positive for HPV infection compared to 4% of the samples from the women who were not sexually active. Among the sexually active women, the HPV DNA identified was classified as low risk in 4% of the samples and high risk in 12%. Of positive samples from the women who were not sexually active, only low risk HPV DNA was identified. Of the 3% of the women with atypical Pap smears, 80% tested positive for HPV. No abnormal Pap smears were identified from the women who were not sexually active. The number of lifetime male sexual partners was significantly associated with an increased risk of HPV infection. Women who had six or more sexual partners were 7.45 times more likely to be HPV positive than women who had one sexual partner.

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Comparison of development of serum antibodies to HPV16 and HPV33 and acquisition of cervical HPV DNA among sexually experienced and virginal young girls: a longitudinal cohort study

Article Abstract:

Acquisition of human papilloma virus strains 16 and 33 (HPV16 and HPV33) in adolescent girls appears to be strictly a matter of sexual transmission. Typically a sexually transmitted disease, HPV causes genital warts. Some strains of HPV cause changes in cervical cells that lead to the development of cervical cancer. There is some question whether other modes of HPV transmission such as transmission at birth play a role. Swedish researchers followed 98 girls aged 15 to 17 for two years. Sixty-one girls had sexual experience at study entrance, 18 experienced first intercourse during the study period, and 17 had no sexual experience by study end. Seven girls had HPV antibodies at their first visit and 11 developed antibodies over the course of the study. Eighty-two girls had successful analyses for HPV DNA in cervical cell samples at the study's beginning and end of whom 14 tested positive. HPV antibodies and HPV DNA were found exclusively in sexually active girls.

Sexual behavior, Girls

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Determinants of Low-Risk and High-Risk Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infections in Montreal University Students

Article Abstract:

There are different risk factors for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and low-risk infection. The risk in this case is cervical cancer, which has been linked to HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, and 58. In a study of 489 women who had a Pap test, 22% were found to have HPV infection. Twelve percent had one of the high-risk HPV types, and 6% had a low-risk type. The lifetime frequency of sexual activity and the number of partners was linked to high-risk HPV types.

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