Maternal placental vasculopathy and infection: two distinct subgroups among patients with preterm labor and preterm ruptured membranes

Article Abstract:

Preterm delivery may frequently be caused by either a bacterial infection or maternal placental vasculopathies, or abnormalities in the maternal blood vessels that supply blood to the placenta. These conditions may cause preterm labor or preterm rupture of fetal membranes. A study compared 105 women who delivered preterm to 105 women who delivered at term with no pregnancy complications. Maternal placental vascular lesions occurred in 34% of the women with preterm labor and 35% of the women with preterm rupture of membranes, compared with 12% of the women who delivered at term. A bacterial infection occurred in 38% of the women with preterm labor and 37% of the women with preterm rupture of membranes, compared with 18% of the women who delivered at term. Four deaths occurred among the infants born to mothers suffering from a bacterial infection.

Complications and side effects, Pregnancy, Complications of, Pregnancy complications, Placental diseases, Placenta diseases

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Actinomyces chorioamnionitis and preterm labor in a twin pregnancy: a case report

Article Abstract:

Actinomyces infection of the placenta is rare and may lead to preterm labor. An 18-year-old woman with a 25-week twin pregnancy was hospitalized because of preterm labor. Labor-inhibiting treatment did not prevent contractions. The amniotic membranes were ruptured, emitting foul-smelling amniotic fluid. Female twins were delivered 24 hours later. The fetal surfaces of the placenta were an abnormal yellow-green, and the placenta was found to be infected with Actinomyces. Anaerobic cultures of amniotic fluid and placentas should be tested for infection in women with preterm labor so they may receive antibiotic therapy.

Health aspects, Infection, Uterus, Mycoses

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Comparison of the modified biophysical profile to a "new" biophysical profile incorporating the middle cerebral artery to umbilical artery velocity flow systolic/diastolic ratio

Article Abstract:

Comparing the blood pressure in the fetal cerebral and umbilical arteries may help identify fetal distress in some pregnant women. This technique involves measuring systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the cerebral and umbilical arteries and figuring the ratio between the two arterial blood pressures. When this information was added to the traditional biophysical profile in a study of 665 pregnant women, it did not significantly change fetal outcome in most women except those with suspected uteroplacental insufficiency.

Evaluation, Measurement, Blood pressure, Fetal monitoring, Blood pressure measurement

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